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« Victory Over Osama Bin Laden, the American Spirit and Our Next Real Threat | Main | Living In the Now, Versus Giving a Voice to the Past »


Osama Bin Laden and Extremism

By Angelo Lopez
May 7, 2011

When I heard that Osama Bin Laden was killed, I had many mixed feelings. On the one hand, I was relieved that this man was no longer around to mastermind terrorist acts that would kill more innocent people. I hope Bin Laden's death put closure for the family and friends of all the people that Bin Laden had a hand in killing. On the other hand, I felt uncomfortable celebrating the killing of a human being, no matter how evil that person has been. In many ways, the way people are acting now is probably similar to the way previous generations reacted to the death of Adolph Hitler or Joseph Stalin.

Osama Bin Laden represents to me the type of extremism that is at the heart of so much terrorism. Because of Bin Laden, Al Queda and the Iranian revolution, most Americans tend to associate religious extremism with Islam, but all religions are plagued with examples of extremism. The three Abrahamic religions, Christianity, Judaism and Islam have had sad episodes of religious extremism where its partisans have used their religion to harass and kill those who do not hold their religious tenets.

In Pakistan, Muslim Salman Taseer, governor of Pakistan’s Punjab province, and Christian Shahbaz Bhatti, the minister of minorities, were both killed for speaking out against the country’s blasphemy laws. Pakistan's blasphemy laws punishes people for speaking out against the prophet Muhammad and it has been used by Islamist extremists to harass Muslims, Christians and other people who are not as extremist. According to an article by Shabhano Taseer, from 1986 to 2009, 479 Muslims, 340 Ahmadis, 119 Christians, 14 Hindus, and 10 others have been charged with blasphemy, according to the National Commission for Justice and Peace, an advocacy group set up by Pakistan’s Catholic bishops. Many of them were killed by Islamist vigilante groups.

The Christian minority in Pakistan has been especially harassed by the blasphemy laws. In one infamous case, Aasia Bibi, a Christian mother of five, is awaiting a death sentence for blaspheming the prophet Muhammad. In the summer of 2009, some women workers pressured Aasia to renounce her Christian faith and accept Islam. Aasia resisted them and she asked what Muhammad had done for them. Salman Taseer was speaking out for the release of Aasia Bibi and for the rejection of the blasphemy laws in the country. Taseer was killed for speaking out.

Shabhano Taseer notes that eight days after her father Salman Taseer was killed, a court in Punjab sentenced a Muslim prayer leader and his son to life in jail for blasphemy. They were found guilty of tearing down a poster of a gathering to mark the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad. Pakistan's blasphemy laws is a danger to all free thinking people. Taseer wrote:

The biggest danger faced by Islam comes from those who claim to serve it. Its first victims are its own adherents. But our fight against these forces of darkness—forces that seek to snuff out the voices they disagree with—must begin with the strengthening of basic law and order. The extremists are a small minority, but they’re raucously vocal, well armed, and well funded. They operate by instilling fear in those they oppose. This intimidation works all too well.


Some Christians in this country hear news like this and want to stereotype all Muslims as being extremists. Christianity, though, has its own sad history of religious extremism. From Torquemada and the Inquisition to the Salem Witch Trails to various Russian pogroms against Jews in the 19th and early 20th century, Christians have also had episodes where a group of extremists have persecuted Jews, Muslims and other minorities.

In Uganda, Evangelical Christians have been preaching anti-gay messages, which have been feeding into the homophobic prejudices that were already a part of the country's culture. After American evangelicals held a series of workshops and rallies in Uganda against homosexuality in April 2009, Uganda legislator David Bahati introduced the anti-gay bill which strengthens the criminalisation of homosexuality in Uganda. Originally the bill imposed the death penalty for people who have engaged in homosexual acts, but after international pressure, the death penalty was dropped and life imprisonment was substituted for those people caught in homosexual acts. Furthermore, if passed, the bill will require anyone who is aware of an offense or an offender, including individuals, companies, media organisations, or non-governmental organisations who support LGBT rights, to report the offender within 24 hours. If an individual does not do so he or she is also considered an offender and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding 250 "currency points" or imprisonment up to three years.

Many Christian groups in Uganda have pushed to have the Uganda Parliament to pass the anti-gay laws. Pastor Martin Ssempa, a charismatic and vocal opponent of homosexuality in Uganda, and Pastor Julius Oyet lead the Inter-Religious Taskforce Against Homosexuality. During the session with Speaker Kiwanuka, the Task Force presented a portion of over 2 million signatures it gathered from around Uganda in support of the bill.

Jeffrey Gettleman wrote in the January 27, 2011 edition of the New York Times

Many Africans view homosexuality as an immoral Western import, and the continent is full of harsh homophobic laws. In northern Nigeria, gay men can face death by stoning. In Kenya, which is considered one of the more Westernized nations in Africa, gay people can be sentenced to years in prison.

But Uganda seems to be on the front lines of this battle. Conservative Christian groups that espouse antigay beliefs have made great headway in this country and wield considerable influence. Uganda’s minister of ethics and integrity, James Nsaba Buturo, who describes himself as a devout Christian, has said, “Homosexuals can forget about human rights.”

At the same time, American groups that defend gay rights have also poured money into Uganda to help the beleaguered gay community.

In October, a Ugandan newspaper called Rolling Stone (with a circulation of roughly 2,000 and no connection to the American magazine) published an article that included photos and the whereabouts of gay men and lesbians, including several well-known activists like Mr. Kato.

The Mr. Kato referred to in this quote is David Kato, one of Uganda's most outspoken gay rights activists. After an anti-gay newspaper published photos of Kato with other prominent Ugandan gays and lesbians with the words "Hang Them", David Kato was beaten to death on January 26.

Extremism is not just the province of religion. There are many instances of secular extremism in history, from the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution, the purges of Joseph Stalin to the Cultural Revolution in China in the 1960s and early 1970s.


All extremism, whether it is religious or secular, is bad. Barry Goldwater was wrong when he said that that extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice and that moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue. I remember reading somewhere that a good idea taken to an extreme is no longer a good idea. I think all people are capable of good and bad. Nice people are capable of doing cruel things. Bad people are capable of surprising acts of kindness. Our human nature makes all people capable of great good and great evil. That was one of the reasons that the Founding Fathers of this country set up a series of checks and balances to allow a government of the people while offsetting a tyranny of the minority and a tyranny of the majority. I appreciate the checks and balances of the United States because it allows for the rule of the majority and the protection of the rights of the minority. It has produced the American melting pot where a toleration of different cultures and religions and races is valued. Thomas Jefferson wrote about the American freedom of religion from his Notes on the State of Virginia:

The rights of conscience we never submitted, we could not submit. We are answerable for them to our God. The legitimate powers of government extend to such acts only as are injurious to others. But it does me no injury for my neighbor to say there are twenty gods, or no God. It neither picks my pocket nor breaks my leg. If it be said his testimony in a court of justice cannot be relied on, reject it then, and be the stigma on him. Constraint may make him worse by making him a hypocrite, but it will never make him a truer man.

...Subject opinion to coercion: whom will you make your inquisitor? Fallible men; men governed by bad passions, by private as well as public reasons. And why subject it to coercion? To produce uniformity. But is uniformity of opinion desirable? No more than of face and stature. Introduce the bed of Procrustes then; and , as there is a danger that the large men may beat the small, make us all of a size by lopping the former and stretching the latter.

Difference of opinion is advantageous in religion. The several sects perform the office of censor morum over each other. Is uniformity attainable? Millions of innocent men, women, and children, since the introduction of Christianity, have been burned, tortured, fined, imprisoned; yet we have not advanced one inch toward uniformity. What has been the effect of coercion? To make one half the world fools and the other half hypocrites; to support roguery and error all over the earth. Let us reflect that it is inhabited by a thousand different systems of religion; that ours is but one of that thousand; that if there be but one right, and ours that one, we should wish to see the nine hundred and ninety-nine wandering sects gathered into the fold of truth. But against such a majority we cannot effect this by force. Reason and persuasion are the only practicable instruments. To make way for these, free inquiry must be indulged; and how can we wish others to indulge it while we refuse it ourselves?

But every state , says an inquisitor, has established some religion. No two, say I have established the same. Is this a proof of the infallibility of establishments? Our sister States of Pennsylvania and New York, however, have long subsisted without any establishment at all. The experiment was new and doubtful when they made it. It has answered beyond conception. They flourished infinitely. Religion is well supported; of various kinds, indeed, but all good enough; all sufficiently to preserve peace and order; or if a sect arises whose tenets would subvert morals, good sense has fair play, and reasons and laughs it out of doors without suffering the state to be troubled with it.

They do not hang more malefactors than we do. They are not more disturbed with religious dissensions. On the contrary, their harmony is unparalleled and can be ascribed to nothing but their unbounded tolerance, because there is no other circumstance in which they differ from every nation on earth. They have made the happy discovery that the way to silence religious disputes is to take no notice of them. Let us too give this experiment fair play and get rid, while we may, of those tyrannical laws.

It is true we are as yet secured against them by the spirit of the times. I doubt whether the people of this country would suffer an execution for heresy, or a three years' imprisonment for not comprehending the mysteries of the Trinity. But is the spirit of the people an infallible, a permanent reliance? Is it government? Is this the kind of protection we receive in return for the rights we give up? Besides, the spirit of the times may alter, will alter. Our rulers will become corrupt, our people careless. A single zealot may commence persecutor, and better men be his victims. It can never be too often repeated that the time for fixing every essential right on a legal basis is while our rulers are honest and ourselves united. From the conclusion of this war we shall be going downhill. It will not then be necessary to resort every moment to the people for support. They will be forgotten, therefore, and their rights disregarded. They will forget themselves but in the sole faculty of making money, and will never think of uniting to effect a due respect for their rights. The shackles, therefore, which shall not be knocked off at the conclusion of this war will remain on long, will be made heavier and heavier, till our rights shall revive or expire in a convulsion.


Comments (16)

Diane Author Profile Page:

Angelo--Thanks for trying to bring some perspective to this issue. We have our own brand of religious extremism right here in America. Those Christians who think it's okay to kill doctors who provide abortions as well as those who work in clinics are just as extremist as any Muslim. Many of my friends and acquaintances have been victimized by these anti-choice zealots. Yet, many think that those who call themselves Christians are good people. However, I know many Christians who don't think this kind of extremism has anything to do with what it means to follow the teachings of Christ.

To paraphrase the Bible, those who think Muslims are the only extremists need to remove the beams from their own eyes.

Jonathan Author Profile Page:

Diane--Thank you for those wonderful pearls of wisdom. I’m so choked up right now I can hardly type. OBL, in his wildest dreams, can only imagine of causing the same kind of death toll of innocent life in this country that the abortion culture has racked up.

Diane Author Profile Page:

Jonathan--You never disappoint. I knew someone was going to bring up the issue of the abortion rate. It's not surprising that it was you who did--and so sarcastically, to boot. Of course, you left out the world wide abortion rate and the rate of abortions in the USA pre-Roe v. Wade. Some people think, wrongly, that women started having abortions only after 1973 in this country. A little research into the topic will prove otherwise.

Those who are opposed to abortion not only have a right to have that opinion; they also have a right to speak out against it. They don't have a right to harass, harm, or kill the already born in the name of their beliefs.

Angelo Lopez Author Profile Page:

Thanks Diane for your comments. You get the point of my blog. People try to stereotype all Muslims as being extremists, when Christians and other religions have their own extremists. Christians, Muslims, Jews, atheists, and any other groups will have their extremists. I think it's just a weakness of human nature. I think Pakistan's blasphemy laws and Uganda's proposed anti-homosexuality law are just ways in which the majority can legally harass any minority groups into submission.

You and Jonathan have had this ongoing debate for some time and I'm sure you can defend your opinions very well without my help.

Jonathan, I'm curious to know your opinion about something. What's your opinion on some Christian groups supporting Uganda's anti-homosexuality bill? Do you think gays and lesbians should suffer the death penalty or spend life in prison? Should Christians support the harassment of any marginalized group?

Ken Poland Author Profile Page:

Radical extremists, of whatever shade or flavor, seldom recognize their own extremism. There is no middle ground for them and compromise is unthinkable. It is either their way or no way.

Jesus, in no way advocated such extremism as many Christians of today display.

It ia only the marvelous, amazing Grace of God that makes me any more acceptable to Him than the vilest most wicked person you can identify. Billy Graham nor the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church are any better, withot Christ, than theives or murderors in the world.

Angelo Lopez Author Profile Page:

Thanks Ken. You're right about extremists. It can apply to individuals as well as groups. We all can be guilty at times of being extreme of something due to our human natures. From the people in the highest offices in the land to the people to the lowliest positions, we all have our human fallibilities. I appreciate both your comments and Diane's.

Many of the things that we associate with extreme Islam (the subjugation of women, the anti-semitism, the intolerance of differing views) has also been true of extremist Christians in our history. But many Christians have struggled to make amends for the sins of those extremist elements, and are trying to live up to the true spirit of Jesus. In the same way many Muslims reject the extremist Islamists ideology and are trying to practice a better more tolerant Islam.

We shouldn't define a religion by the actions of an extremist minority, whether it be Islam or Christianity.

Diane Author Profile Page:

"We shouldn't define a religion by the actions of an extremist minority, whether it be Islam or Christianity."

I definitely agree with this. I define Christianity by the life of Jesus and by those of my friends who are peace and justice-seeking Christians. I also know Muslims who hate what people like Osama bin Laden do.

As for my "debate" with Jonathan, I'm not sure it's necessary to defend my opinions. He will never agree with my point of view. I state them so he and others will know not everyone agrees with them. There's no point in debating when two people are so far apart.

Angelo Lopez Author Profile Page:

Thanks Diane for your comment. I meant no offense. I just notice that whenever you make a comment, Jonathan seems to stalk you and always gives a sarcastic remark. I think your replies are always forceful and to the point.

I used to debate with conservative friends when I was younger and I actually gained a greater understanding of their philosophy, even if I still disagreed with them. I really don't have those type of conversations anymore, other than talks that I've had with my brother-in-law. The thing with him though is that he respects people with different points of view and he can articulate his point of view without any snarky or sarcastic remarks.

Most conversations I've had lately with conservatives have been two monologues going past each other rather than dialogues. And they're like the comments I often read from Jonathan, lots of sarcasm and smart mouth remarks. Sometimes he writes some thoughtful remarks and I used to try to understand where he's coming from. When I read some of his replies to you though, I'm less and less likely to make any attempt to listen.

Peter Tramel Author Profile Page:

I can't help thinking that if our mainstream media prominently featured Aasia's story, then Pakistan would be too internationally embarassed to execute her. Our media might lend the same help to similarly oppressed Copts in Egypt, and other Christians in the Arab world, not to mention gays in Christian Uganda, and so on.

Instead, they have much better things to do, like analyzing the Royal Wedding in Britain or looking for ways to credit Bush's crew with getting bin Laden. The last is a hard task, I admit. Still, when an American was going to get a whipping for vandalism in Singapore a decade or so ago, they found plenty of time to get excited about that.

Diane Author Profile Page:

Angelo--I wasn't offended. That's the problem with communicating on the Internet. Nuances get lost. For some reason, certain types of people among those who disagree with me think that harassing me will make me change my opinions. Instead they could egage me in dialogue that could develop into something useful. For example, for the past year or so, every time the Wichita Eagle prints one of my letters, I get a bill for a magazine subscription under a weird name with my address on it. I think this kind of thing is considered fraud, and I'm not the only one who gets these bogus bills, but there's no way to catch these people. As far as I'm concerned that's a cowardly thing to do and it sure doesn't lead to constructive dialogue.

The only time I have ever had good dialogue with conservatives was when I was teaching in the English Department at Butler Community College. We English instructors would gather around the table in the office at lunch and have some really good discussions based on our differing opinions. No one got mad and we all listened to each other. We also laughed a lot. We disagreed, but we respected each other. As Aretha sang, "R-E-S-P-E-C-T." That's what it's all about.

I always appreciate what you write.

Jonathan Author Profile Page:

Mr. Lopez; there are a lot more important things to talk about other than sex, like the economy and our national defense. But as a Christian, would I support an anti-homosexuality bill? No. Do I think homosexuals should be harassed, imprisoned, or put to death? Again, No. What people do behind closed doors in their bedrooms is private and nobody else’s business – all I asked is that we all keep it there, in the closet – I don’t wanna hear about it. I don’t feel comfortable talking about any kind of sexual behavior in public and it should never be politicized. Yes, I’ve been taught through my faith that homosexuality is a sin, and like all sin, should be avoided. The gay lifestyle, like the sin of premarital sex, is a personal choice that only the individual has to answer for to God in the end.

Peter Tramel Author Profile Page:

Are you even paying attention, Jonathan? This blog wasn't about sex or homosexuality.

Ken Poland Author Profile Page:

Peter, when we are talking about extremism, sex is a major area where extremists wallow about.

Jonathan, I agree that what takes place in one's bedroom is private and should not be open to scrutiny by the neighbors or the government. But, when you are denied civil rights that others have because someone knows your sexual practices or choices is another matter. The extremists on both sides of this issue are out of line. A heterosexual teacher is out of line when they advocate their lifestyle in the public classroom, the same as the homosexual teacher. Discussing the reality of sexual orientation, etc. in a classroom, when it is done properly is not wrong. It is wrong when the one who appears to be in authority is making judgment of choice on religious grounds.

Extremism on what ever the issue is not productive.

Ken Poland Author Profile Page:

An example of civil rights denial in the army is very evident with the don't ask don't tell policy.

When the heterosexuals come in after a night out the discussion is quite graphic with all the details and descriptions of the conquest. But if the homo even lets out a peep about his or her night out, it is a courtmartial offense and they are booted out of the military.

Society, in general, has no big issue with heterosexual promiscuity and accept the livein arrangements, the divorce and remarriage status of people. But, the gay or lesbian indiscretions and promiscuity is abhorent and intolerable.

This is usually backed by religious canon (both Christian and Muslim). I'm not too sure the homosexuals are in any more danger of God's wrath (if you call it that) than the heterosexuals, who don't live by the Biblical or Koran standards.

Again, to make this issue a part of the original post, the extremists on both sides of the sexual orientation and practice standards of society have put this issue on the front burner. Politicians are lining up their support from one side or the other. This kind of extremism is definitely obstructing society's ability to deal with economic issues, environmental issues, etc.

We now have a governor in KS that made the statement that sexual orientation was the most important and critical issue facing our nation. That locked in a large segment of his electorate who were so extreme on this issue that nothing else mattered on how he voted.

Jonathan Author Profile Page:

Mr. Tramel, r u paying attention? Read comment #4 from Mr. Lopez. He wanted my opinion on a homosexuality issue. If u don't like my answer on the topic, well, so b it.

Angelo Lopez Author Profile Page:

Thanks Peter, Ken and Jonathan for your replies. My original post was about religious extremism, but Ken is right that a lot of extremism is focused on sexual issues, whether it be the subjugation of women or the issue of homosexuality.

Ken, I appreciate your thoughtful and moderate response. I have a feeling that you and I have some differences on this issue, but I respect your opinions. From the perspective of some people, I may be the radical or extremist for my advocacy of full gay rights. When I argue forcefully in my blogs I may be preaching to the choir. Ken may have the tougher task of being a moderate voice between two groups (Gays and Christians) that are often hostile towards each other.

I think moderate voices like Ken's are needed. I may not totally agree with him, but Ken is fair and tries to understand different views.

Thank you Jonathan for your reply. I'm glad that you don't condone the kind of law that is being considered in Uganda. My blog is not so much about homosexuality, but more about how both Islam and Christianity have their extremist elements. Since Christian leaders in Uganda are strongly lobbying for this bill to pass, I think other Christians must speak out against the bill. Both Uganda's anti-gay bill and Pakistan's blasphemy law are manifestations of religious extremism.

I agree with you Peter that I hope the media eventually focuses on what happens to minorities in Pakistan, Uganda and Egypt. You should blog about it for us here in Everyday Citizen.

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