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« Art in the Sunnyvale Area | Main | The Future of Us »


Fall Guys and Gals

By Diane Wahto
March 20, 2010

Pres. Barack Obama: “[I] support the school board’s decision to dismiss the faculty and staff members.” New York Times, March 1, 2010.

Diane Ravitch, professor of education, New York University: "In choosing his education agenda, President Obama sided with the economists and the corporate-style reformers." Washington Post, Feb. 26, 2010.

I once “fired” myself from a teaching job. Actually, I quit the job, but if I had been the supervisor of the school, I would have fired myself. In Michigan in the ‘60s, a person who had completed his or her sophomore year of college could get a certificate to substitute teach. I did this for a year in Decatur, a small town a few miles from Kalamazoo. During the summer, a woman called to ask me to teach at a one-room country school. She said the school took students grades K-8 and the student population was low. Later I found out the school, which was not certified by the state board of education, was run by a bunch of rural parents who didn’t want to send their students to the Decatur schools.

That year, I had twelve or thirteen students, depending on the day and the weather. Half the students came from one family and when it was cold, those students showed up to stay warm because their house was unheated. In fact, from what I could understand, the house was a falling-down wreck with animals, pets and livestock, running in and out of the open doors.

When I looked at the texts available for students to use, I found a set of history texts that had been published in 1920. The other textbooks were just as out of date and unusable, so I made a trip to a school supply store in Kalamazoo to stock up. Even so, I couldn’t fill all the gaps in the material I needed to do a decent job of teaching.

I did the best I could that year, however, trying to teach the two first graders to read and eighth graders to understand algebra. I had no idea how to teach kids to read or how to tackle the intricacies of higher math. I did somewhat better with the students in the higher elementary grades because they could already read and the math was basic enough for me to be able to teach it.

As the school year progressed, it became obvious to me that I was doing those students no favors by my earnest but incompetent attempts to teach them. So before we had the spring picnic that celebrated the end of the school year, I turned in my resignation. The parents hired another woman to teach the next year, but the following year the school closed and the students were bused into Decatur where they got into a school system with competent teachers.

I say this to say that I recognize an incompetent teacher, having been one myself. I also recognize a school system that fails to meet the needs of the students, having taught in one. I finally got a college degree, a teaching certificate, and a full time job teaching journalism and English at Winfield High School, Winfield, Kansas. My three children were also students in that school district and I witnessed some excellent teaching among my colleagues there.

When I read that the entire staff of Central Falls High School in Rhode Island was fired without benefit of evaluations or a chance to challenge the firing, I think of all those excellent teachers I worked with through the years. It saddens me that Pres. Barack Obama, whose candidacy was endorsed by NEA members around the country, and Arne Duncan, secretary of education, think that firing was a good thing. Apparently, with the Obama administration’s blessings, this mass firing mentality is taking hold all over the country, with school districts taking advantage of the bad economic times to do their dirty work.

I joined NEA as a student and I’m now a lifetime member of both NEA and KNEA. I was an officer in the local and on the negotiations team at both Winfield and at Butler Community College. I also represented teachers who filed grievances against administrators and was active in other ways in the Association. NEA is not a union, but it has many of the characteristics of a union. In Kansas, teachers are not allowed to go on strike, but they are allowed to picket. We have the right to negotiate our contracts and to file grievances. These union-like actions give teachers some leverage in a system that often favors school boards and administrators. It also protects teachers from the whims of administrators with whom they have personality conflicts.

For the Central Falls teachers, these contractual protections went by the wayside. Teachers were in negotiations with the school board to settle differences over what they would be paid if they gave up their lunch time to eat with students and stay for a longer time after school to be available for students who needed help. These are typical types of issues that come up during contract negotiations between teachers and the board. When I was on the faculty negotiating team, one year we negotiated extra pay for teachers who did lunch duty and other kinds of overtime duty.

People who don’t teach may wonder why teachers would want pay for these duties, given that we are, after all, public servants. Shouldn’t we be happy to serve the students in any way we can? Yes, we are happy to do that and most teachers go out of their way to do that. However, let me spell out what a typical day is like in a typical high school. Most contracts require teachers to be in their classrooms thirty minutes before school starts and thirty minutes after school ends. This is no problem for most teachers as many of them have to come early and stay late to complete their work. High school and middle school teachers do get a planning period, something elementary school teachers do not have. I used my planning period to work with students on the yearbook, newspaper, or the broadcast journalism class, all time-consuming enterprises that usually required us to be there after school and in the summer. Most teachers use their planning periods to plan and to grade papers.

At Winfield High, we had twenty minutes for lunch. By the time my lunch period rolled around, I needed to get away from students for awhile. I enjoyed joining other teachers in the teachers’ lounge. We joked around with each other in ways that we could never do in front of students and that mid-day cup of coffee gave me the zip I needed to get through the rest of the day. I’ll never forget the day one of my friends, a newspaper reporter, came to talk to my students about her job. Around 10: 30 in the morning, she asked me when we got a break. I laughed and told her we would get a short break at lunch time.

Most states have laws governing teachers’ job conditions. Teachers gain what is called tenure, but isn’t, after a certain number of years in a school district. In Kansas, if a teacher gets through the third year without being non-renewed, that teacher then can be non-renewed only for cause. Up until then, a teacher can be non-renewed without a cause being given. Administrators base teacher renewals on evaluations, which by state law right now must be completed in time to notify non-renewed teachers before May 1.

Right now the Kansas state legislature wants to change the non-renewal date to May 15 and extend the probationary period from three years to five years. What these changes mean is that teachers will have less time to make other plans if they receive a non-renewal notification later in the year. Also, administrators and school boards will get the advantage of keeping a teacher on board for five years, then firing that teacher when his or her salary starts to go up. If that teacher finds a job in another district, he or she starts at the bottom of the salary schedule once again. Surely, administrators are able to figure out in three years which teachers are going to make it and which aren’t.

Diana Ravitch, who was undersecretary of education under Pres. George Bush, and who once supported No Child Left Behind reforms, now says that these reforms and those promoted by Pres. Obama and Arne Duncan in their Race to the Top proposals, are designed to kill teacher unions and to create non-union charter schools.

Recently, In Education Week, Ravitch responded to a Newsweek article, “Why we Must Fire Bad Teachers,” thusly: “The story itself is a parody of a right-wing rant. It seems that the nation's classrooms are overrun with ‘bad teachers,’ pedophiles, ‘weak’ teachers, ineffective teachers, dumb teachers, and others who remain in the classroom only because they have ‘lifetime tenure.’ Evil teachers' unions protect these people who are harming our nation's children. Researchers now know, the writers say, that if we could fire all these malingerers, the notorious achievement gap between the races would soon close and America would once again lead the world in education.

She continues, “Nowhere does the article mention that the highest-performing state in the nation is Massachusetts, where all or almost all teachers belong to unions; nor does it mention that the highest-performing nation in the world is Finland, where all or almost all teachers belong to unions. Nowhere in the article is there an example of a non-union district or state in the United States that has achieved high academic performance.”

Never mind that the research on teacher effectiveness on which they rely is highly speculative and highly contested. Never mind that non-union charters, on average, do not outperform regular public schools. Why bother with such details?

Ravitch said, “Newsweek, it seems, speaks for the Jack Welch School of Management: Fire the bottom 10 percent every year. A friend said the other day, ‘If Newsweek is so smart, how come the magazine is in such deep financial trouble? Maybe they need to fire 10 percent of their staff every year.’ A dose of their own medicine?”

On the March 11, 2010, Diane Rehm show, Ravitch said,“Any leader who wants to attack the teachers is making a huge mistake.”

I agree with Ravitch. I also think teachers are going to have to rethink their blind allegiance to the Democrats who have taken them for granted for so long. Teachers have to be accountable, despite what the Newsweek writers think. We need to hold politicians we helped elect accountable as well.


Comments (7)

Ken Poland Author Profile Page:

Diane, is what you are saying is you cannot depend on partisan identity for your choice of representation?

If so, I agree with you all the way. However, you cannot depend on single issue to make your choices. It takes more than one issue to cause me to jump sides. And it takes an outstanding personal relationship for me to jump parties for my choice. In my 50+ years I can count on one hand all the Republican candidates I've cast votes for. That's not to say I haven't had serious differences on some issues with my party's candidate. But, I have to consider the traditional difference in platform of the parties.

Diane Author Profile Page:

I would never jump parties, period. I became a Democrat early in my adult life and I will continue to work for Democratic candidates, to vote for Democrats, and to stay active in the party as long as I can. I've voted for a few Republicans, as you apparently have, because I thought the Republican was the better candidate on the issues that were important to me, but I've never considered leaving the Democratic Party.

What I want to do is draw attention to a problem and to get the NEA and AFT leadership to remind Obama that we members supported him and we want his support in return. I think the issue of education is complicated, and the problems can't be solved with a one-size-fits-all solution. Wholesale firing of teachers won't solve those problems.

Yes, the traditional differences in the two parties' platforms are significant. I see my role as making sure Democratic candidates pay attention to the platform.

Thanks for staying true to the party, as I will.

Peter Tramel Author Profile Page:

Diane, this is a great blog! I am a college teacher who was an incompetent graduate teaching assistant, once. I was aware that I was incompetent; but I also saw that my students had no chance of getting anyone better if I left -- they would get another graduate student no better than I was, and probably worse -- so I stayed on. If there was a chance that they would have got someone better, I hope that I would have had the courage you had when you left that first teaching job!

I sadly agree that when it comes to education Obama is paying too much attention to "economists and corporate style reformists". I, too, am alarmed at how willing he is to endorse school district firings en masse, as if some school districts don't have more to contend with than others. Near my town in New York is a rich town where cars are slowed to 15 mph as they pass the elementary school, and three or four cops are always in attendance, ready to pounce on someone going 18mph. In a nearby city full of slums and poor kids, there is no slowdown for an elementary school with four times as many students, and if cops are present, it is for some more urgent reason than catching speeders. Although the speed limit is 30mph, there, you can go 50mph there every day and never worry about a ticket. I conclude that there has to also be a big difference between what teachers inside those two schools contend with, although I have never been inside either one of them.

To add to another point you made, our school district is suffering huge cuts from our state, which is 9 billion dollars in the hole. It has to therefore take drastic measures. One of those measures is to lay off our top earning teachers, since for the price of each of their salaries, the district can get two entry-level, state qualified teachers. Most of those top-earning teachers who are being let go are our best teachers.

teoc2 Author Profile Page:

President Barack Obama did not endorse the firings at Central Falls High School in Rhode Island nor did he say it was "a good thing." This leads me to ask how you are able to say that President Obama thought the "... firing was a good thing."

The President viewed the action as a drastic but necessary step toward overhauling a failing school where improvements are long overdue.

The President in his own words:

“If a school is struggling, we have to work with the principal and the teachers to find a solution. We’ve got to give them a chance to make meaningful improvements.

"But if a school continues to fail its students year after year after year, if it doesn’t show signs of improvement, then there’s got to be a sense of accountability.

“And that’s what happened in Rhode Island last week at a chronically troubled school, when just 7 percent of 11th-graders passed state math tests — 7 percent. When a school board wasn’t able to deliver change by other means, they voted to lay off the faculty and the staff.

"As my education secretary, Arne Duncan, says, our kids get only one chance at an education, and we need to get it right.”

If only all teachers were as conscientious as you in recognizing their own abilities in the context of the incredibly important job of teaching children.

Unfortunately for all of us, the teaching profession and those organizations who claim to represent teachers' best interests and those of students haven't been so conscientious.

The failure of our educational system is a long running play. The system and the teaching profession have demonstrated a manifest unwillingness or ability to change.

Teachers are on their way to becoming a 21st century buggy whip as technological advances are rapidly making them and their profession as it exists today irrelevant.

While many in education are considered progressive in the larger social and political sphere, with few exceptions teachers and the profession are extreme conservatives in the context of education as a system and as individual practitioners of the art of teaching.

The whole sale firing of an entire school's teaching and administration staff is a rare event—in fact as far as I can tell the Rhode Island example is unique— but in many ways long over due. It should be noted that as I understand half of those being terminated will be rehired for the next school year.

In any case strong intervention is necessary to ensure everyone recognizes that the teaching profession's unwillingness to be a driver of change and for finding a solution have made themselves part of the problem.

This is unfair to capable and conscientious teachers but not nearly as unfair as the consequences for children whose lives are irretrievably damaged by our failed educational system.

During summer break I once over heard a school custodian and a very good friend, having just finished the annual refurbishing of the school building, say, "If it weren't for those damn kids this would be a good job"

Unfortunately their are too many with vested interests in our "educational system" that have nothing to do with the interests of "those damn kids" who just happen to be the future of our nation.

Peter Tramel Author Profile Page:

teoc2, Maybe that custodian was joking, like even the best parents who love their kids do, when after an exasperating day they ask each other: "what were we thinking when we decided to have kids?" Anyhow, to take that kind of remark as evidence of a big problem is a mistake -- especially when it was made by someone with as little influence over the quality of education as a custodian!

Also, I am not for sacrificing people unjustly for the sake of the greater good. Let's pursue the greater good the just way, even if it's slower and harder.

teoc2 Author Profile Page:

peter,

of all the issues I raised I find it curious that you chose to focus on that which you did.

"Let's pursue the greater good the just way, even if it's slower and harder." I believe this is the approach we have been pursuing for the past fifty years.

this status quo has merely compounded the abject failure of what was once one of the most important and successful institutions in our nation. it would not be an exaggeration to say public education was the clue that held us together as a nation.

with the advent of "ultra-fast" internet technology learning and teaching will change profoundly. and as with all things individuals and organizations either make change happen or change happens to them.


Peter Tramel Author Profile Page:

I wish that the status quo was as you say. But I don't think so. We haven't been pursuing the greater good in what I call the "just way." We have been pursuing educational fashions and paths of political least resistance, with no concern about either justice or the greater good.

Nothing is a better example of that than your idea that technology can make people smarter. For every bit of information now at our fingertips, there is ten times as much garbage now at our fingertips. (More than 60% of current Internet bytes are porn; I would guess that more than half the rest are mistakes or outright lies.)

I have seen my great-grandparents' C-papers from a rural Kansas High School (circa 1914). They would be A-papers for Sophomores at elite, East-Coast colleges (like mine), today. We are doing something very wrong, and I think that it has a lot to do with this wrong idea that we ought to be changing education in some dramatic, fashionable way, every time we invent a new bell or whistle. The skills that make us good or bad consumers of alleged "information" have not changed much since 1910, and not very much since the Middle Ages.

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